Le Plus-que-parfait in French is the direct equivalent of the Pluperfect in English. It could be described as "the past of the past":
e.g. After I had been able to buy a car, traveling to work was no longer an issue.
Of course, English speakers are likely to make contractions: I'd been able to, etc.
Look at these examples of "pouvoir" in the Plus-que-parfait :
Je n'avais jamais pu parler correctement avant.
I had never been able to speak properly before.
Tu avais pu leur dire au revoir avant qu'ils ne partent.
You had been able to say goodbye to them before they left.
Il n'avait jamais pu lui avouer la vérité.
He had never been able to tell her the truth.
Si nous avions pu, nous n'aurions jamais commencé.
If we had been able to, we would have never started.
If we could have, we would have never started.
Vous aviez pu le voir une dernière fois.
You had been able to see him one last time.
Ils n'avaient jamais pu l'admettre.
They had never been able to admit it.
Notice that the Plus-que-parfait of "pouvoir" follows this construction:
Il n'avait jamais pu lui avouer la vérité.
He had never been able to tell her the truth.
Ils n'avaient jamais pu l'admettre.
They had never been able to admit it.
Tu avais pu leur dire au revoir avant qu'ils ne partent.
You had been able to say goodbye to them before they left.
Vous aviez pu le voir une dernière fois.
You had been able to see him one last time.
Si nous avions pu, nous n'aurions jamais commencé.
If we had been able to, we would have never started.
If we could have, we would have never started.
Je n'avais jamais pu parler correctement avant.
I had never been able to speak properly before.
Hi Judy,
Just to add to Chris’ excellent answer, this is the Kwiziq lesson referring to the use of the ‘ne explétif’ used with the expression ‘avant que’ -
https://french.kwiziq.com/revision/grammar/how-to-use-avant-que-ne-expletif-subjonctif-before-i-do
Hope this helps!
The "ne" is not a negation, it is a stylistic element called the "ne explétif". There are certain verbs and phrases with which it needs to be used, some it may be used and others it shouldn't be used at all. There are lessons for this on kwiziq at a later stage.
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No. eut/fut are passé simple and need to be used accordingly. Passé simple is not a replacement for past perfect tense.
-- Chris (not a native speaker).
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Hi William,
In the lesson , I think it is, "Tu avais pu leur dire au revoir....".
It is just , "You were able to say goodbye to them..." rather than just to say goodbye as you suggest. Just a bit more precise.
Hope this helps!
I am not sure what your question is. Maybe it's this?
Tu avais pu lui dire au revoir. -- You had been able to say goodbye to him.
-- Chris (not a native speaker).
I am not sure what your question is. Maybe it's this?
Tu avais pu lui dire au revoir. -- You had been able to say goodbye to him.
-- Chris (not a native speaker).
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