Être or avoir

Liz H.C1Kwiziq Q&A regular contributor

Être or avoir

Is it not a hard rule that verbs take être when followed by a preposition? In this phrase, I used avoir, which was wrong but there is no preposition that I can see: Quand vous y (êtes or avez) retourné, le corps avait disparu. Seems like retourner is followed by a noun. I use this method to determine quickly which auxiliary to use so would like to know if there are exceptions. Many thanks. 

Asked 4 years ago
CécileKwiziq team memberCorrect answer

Hi Liz,

All the intransitive verbs of 'retour' take the auxiliary être :

rentrer, retourner, revenir 

In the sentence you quote :

"Quand vous y êtes retourné, le corps avait disparu"= When you returned there, the body had disappeared

The noun ( corps) is the subject of avait disparu, a separate clause, separated by a coma. The verb 'retourner' has no object and it is intransitive as 'rentrer' and 'revenir' in the following examples:

Je suis retourné/e à Paris = I have gone back to Paris

Je suis rentré/e pour lui parler = I came home to speak to him/her

Je suis revenu/e après elle = I came back after her

The verb 'retourner' is 'special' as it can sometimes be transitive and have an object :

Retourner quelque chose = to turn something upside down/to turn something inside out 

Hope this clears the confusion...

Bonne Continuation!

Maarten K.C1 Kwiziq Q&A super contributor

Liz, I have added further comments in another discussion that may help. Although it seems in your example that it meets the condition from the lesson «When retourner is followed immediately by a noun (as opposed to a preposition), it uses avoir as the auxiliary, like most verbs», it doesn't as the noun is not the direct object of retourner, but the subject of the 2nd clause in the sentence. That could be a little more clearly explained in the lesson perhaps. 

Anne D.C1Kwiziq Q&A regular contributor

I’m puzzled by Cécile’s answer "Retourner quelque chose = to take something back/ to turn something upside down/to turn something inside out" as the lesson takes pains to emphasise that you don’t use retourner for taking something back. Can you clarify?

CécileKwiziq team member

Well spotted Anne! Having double-checked with colleagues in France you wouldn't really use 'retourner' for a garment for instance you might say -

Je suis retourné/e au Printemps pour échanger mon pull 

With e-commerce you would use 'renvoyer = to send back ) 

I will adjust my answer (thank you for pointing this out ).

You might find the following page with different uses of 'retourner' interesting -

https://www.lalanguefrancaise.com/dictionnaire/definition/retourner

 

Scott O.C1Kwiziq community member

Bonjour Liz and others with a similar question!

Remember that the pronoun "y" is equivalent to "à là", "to there", so that's where the preposition comes in here.

Être or avoir

Is it not a hard rule that verbs take être when followed by a preposition? In this phrase, I used avoir, which was wrong but there is no preposition that I can see: Quand vous y (êtes or avez) retourné, le corps avait disparu. Seems like retourner is followed by a noun. I use this method to determine quickly which auxiliary to use so would like to know if there are exceptions. Many thanks. 

Sign in to submit your answer

Don't have an account yet? Join today

Ask a question

Find your French level for FREE

Test your French to the CEFR standard

Find your French level
Getting that for you now...