Look at these sentences:
Elle aime tout ce qui brille.
She likes everything that shines.
J'adore tout ce que cet auteur a publié.
I love everything (that) this writer has published.
Both the expressions tout ce qui and tout ce que mean all/everything that.
However, they're used in different contexts.
Tout ce qui = all/everything that...
Use tout ce qui when the pronoun qui is followed by a verb or an object/reflexive pronoun (as opposed to a subject pronoun -je/tu/il/elle/on/nous/vous/ils/elles - or a noun):
Elle aime tout ce qui brille.
She likes everything that shines.
Tout ce qui me plaît te dégoûte.
Everything that pleases me disgusts you.
Nor can you contract qui into qu'.
Compare this with: Qui = Who, which, that (relative pronouns) and Ce qui (vs ce que) = what, which (relative pronouns)
Tout ce que = all/everything that...
Use tout ce que when the pronoun que is followed by a subject pronoun (je/tu/il/elle/on/nous/vous/ils/elles) or a noun (as opposed to a verb or an object/reflexive pronoun):
J'adore tout ce que cet auteur a publié.
I love everything (that) this writer has published.
Elle dépense tout ce qu'elle gagne en vêtements.
She spends everything (that) she earns on clothes
But you will contract que into qu' in front of a vowel or mute h.
Compare this with: Que = Whom, which, that (relative pronouns) and Ce que (vs ce qui) = what, which (relative pronouns)
Learn more about these related French grammar topics
Examples and resources
Tout ce qui me plaît te dégoûte.
Everything that pleases me disgusts you.
Tout ce qui vous fait peur est bête.
Everything that scares you is silly.
tout ce que
J'adore tout ce que cet auteur a publié.
I love everything (that) this writer has published.
Juliette ne comprend pas tout ce que Paul veut dire.
Juliette doesn't understand everything (that) Paul means.
Elle dépense tout ce qu'elle gagne en vêtements.
She spends everything (that) she earns on clothes
tout ce qui
Elle aime tout ce qui brille.
She likes everything that shines.
Ton bonheur est tout ce qui compte pour moi.
Your happiness is all that matters to me.
Je ne comprends pas tout ce qui est écrit.
I don't understand everything that is written.
Q&A
Chris
Kwiziq community member
31/07/18
peter
Kwiziq community member
31/07/18
Chris
Kwiziq community member
31/07/18
"Ce que" is correct, because "il" is the subject of the clause and "ce que" is the direct object. It belongs to the same clause whose verbe is "fait".
Tout ce qu'il fait m'agace. -- Everything he does annoys me.
Je trouve tout ce qu'il fait énervant. -- I find everything he does annoying.
In the first sentence "tout ce qu'il fait" is the subject of "m'agace". Whereas in the second sentence it is the direct object of "Je trouve". As you see, in both cases "ce que" is required because it is determined by its relationship to "il fait".
-- Chris.
Chris
Kwiziq community member
18/01/18
You are correct in that "qui" is never shortened to "qu' " before a vowel.
In the sentence you quote, it is actually "que" that got shortened. It can't be "qui" because "qui" is used only for the subject of the subordinate clause.
In the case at hand, the subject is "il" and "ce que" is the direct object.
Here is an example:
Everything that he does annoys me.
Ils me demandent ce qui m'intéresse.
They ask me what interests me.
There are some dedicated exercises right here: https://www.einfranzose.de/grammatik-%C3%BCbungen/pronomen/ce-que-oder-ce-qui.html?sp=de&katid=199
Hope that helps,
-- Chris (not a native speaker).
Aurélie
Kwiziq language super star
26/01/18
Bonjour Jilly !
To complete Chris's great answer, here are the links to our dedicated lessons on ce qui versus ce que:
https://french.kwiziq.com/revision/grammar/ce-que-what-which-relative-pronouns
https://french.kwiziq.com/revision/grammar/ce-qui-what-which-relative-pronouns
Bonne journée !
Shrey
Kwiziq community member
3 March 2019
1 reply
French proverb - Tout ce qui brille n’est pas or.
Shrey
Kwiziq community member
3 March 2019
3/03/19
Here I want to ask why it can’t be qui only as ce qui is used when refering to a whole ides or a situation whereas qui is used when refering to a particular noun(thing) . So why ce qui is used . What is the ‘situation’ considered here?