French language Q&A Forum

Hello, I am a total beginner at French, and I hope someone can please guide me. I am having trouble recognising the different tenses when reading a sentence in French. In English we would say : "He READS a book" as an answer to a question like "what does he do whilst taking the tube?". 

If the question was "what is he doing?", In English we would say "He is READING/ a/ this/that". How do I tell whether the person is DOING something or DOES something in French? Example : 

"Elle lit un livre" She reads a book. 

"Elle lit un livre" she's reading a book. 

Initially, I thought you'd have to read the rest of the sentence to work it out, but I can't imagine this is how it works all the time. In English there is a distinctive difference : "I go to the .../I AM going to the..."

"He has a.../He HAD a..."

"I watch .../ I AM watching". 

Have I missed something in the lessons? 

Apologies for the long winded question and capitalisation. I like to believe I am fluent in English (it's the only language I know) however I find articulating in my own language difficult at the best of times !! 

Thanks 

I cannot hear "irons" 

aidez-moi!

"Give birth" - why not "donner naissance"?

In the sentence: "Que tu l'admettes ou non, ce ne sont pas tes amis," why is "ce ne sont pas" used for "they're not" instead of "ils ne sont pas"? Thank you.

A light bulb went off for me after reading Sandra’s post below.

If I may add my two cents worth to expand on what she said…..

When I looked back over my incorrect answers, I had been choosing responses containing ‘devoir’ without an infinitive following, so in reality those sentences had an entirely different meaning.

Devoir + noun (no verb) = to owe 

Je dois de l’argent – I owe some money

Il me doit dix euros – He owes me 10 euros

So only the first two out of the three following test examples can be correct or mean "to need": 

•Marie doit ACHETER un nouveau sac à main = correct (devoir + infinitive)

Marie needs to buy a new handbag

•Elle doit RENTRER de bonne heure = correct (devoir + infinitive)

She needs to go home early

Vous devez un nouveau vélo = incorrect (no infinitive after devez)

I owe a new bike??

Am I on the right track here?

Il est vingt-deux heures = 10 PM

Il est vingt heures deux = 8:02 PM

Just making sure.

Instead of “Après s'être levé, William alla prendre sa douche” would it be correct to use the passé composé instead of the passé simple? 

“Après s'être levé, William est allé prendre sa douche”.

Merci

If I do not read or write in french does it mean I do not have to learn the Passe Simple  :)