A2: Lower Intermediate
A2: Questions & Interrogatives
- Questions: Que ... = What ... ?
- Questions: Quel, quels, quelle, quelles = Which / what ?
- Forming inverted questions in Le Présent (except il, elle, on forms)
- Forming inverted questions in Le Présent with il, elle, on
- Questions: Qui, qui est-ce qui = Who ?
- Questions: Qui / qui est-ce que = Whom ?
- Forming inverted questions with subject pronouns in Le Passé Composé (conversational past)
- Forming inverted questions with names, things and emphasis
- Forming inverted questions in Le Présent, special cases: puis-je, ai-je, suis-je
- Qu'est-ce qui + [verb] = What [does]...
A2: Pronouns
- What are subjects, objects, and pronouns? (grammar point)
- Replacing nouns with le, la, l', les = it, him, her, them (direct object pronouns)
- Using 'trouver' to express 'to find' and opinions
- Replacing people with lui, leur = him, her, them (indirect object pronouns)
- Position of object pronouns with verbs in simple tenses
- Position of object pronouns with infinitives
- Tout, tous, toute, toutes = Everything, all (of them), the whole (indefinite pronouns)
- Using stress pronouns in compound subjects and objects (unlike English)
- Expressing 'myself, etc...' with stress pronouns and 'même'
- Moi, toi, lui, elle, nous, vous, eux, elles (advanced stress pronouns)
- Quelqu'un, Quelqu'un d'autre = Someone, Someone else (indefinite pronouns)
- Y = There (adverbial pronoun)
- En with quantities = Of them (adverbial pronoun)
- Autre chose / quelque chose d'autre = Something else (indefinite pronouns)
- L'autre, les autres = The other one(s) (indefinite pronouns)
- Quelques, plusieurs, de nombreux = A few, several, many (quantities)
- Me becomes moi in affirmative commands (L'Impératif)
- Le, la, les vs lui, leur in affirmative commands (L'Impératif)
- Chacun, chacune, chaque = each, each one (indefinite adjectives and pronouns)
- Position of object pronouns with verbs in compound tenses
- Le/la même, les mêmes = The same (indefinite pronouns)
- Ne ... pas grand-chose = Not much (negation)
- Le mien, le tien, le sien, etc = Mine, yours, his/hers/its (possessive pronouns)
- Le nôtre, le vôtre, le leur, etc = Ours, yours, theirs (possessive pronouns)
- N'importe qui = Anyone (indefinite pronouns)
- N'importe quoi = Nonsense, anything (indefinite pronouns)
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate regular -dre verbs in Le Présent (present tense)
- Translating the -ing form of verbs with L'Infinitif (not -ant)
- Il faut : expressing necessity and obligation
- Conjugate semi-regular -oyer, -ayer, -uyer verbs in Le Présent (present tense)
- Conjugate savoir in Le Présent (present tense)
- Conjugate connaître, paraître and derivatives in Le Présent (present tense)
- Using nous, vous, ils/elles when conjugating verbs for multiple people
- Conjugate voir and derivatives in Le Présent (present tense)
- Conjugate ouvrir, découvrir and derivatives in Le Présent (present tense)
- Conjugate suivre, vivre and derivatives in Le Présent (present tense)
- Conjugate servir and other -vir verbs in Le Présent (present tense)
- Conjugate recevoir and other -cevoir verbs in Le Présent (present tense)
- Conjugate conduire and other -uire verbs in Le Présent (present tense)
- Making comparisons with verbs: plus que, autant que, moins que
- Conjugate regular verbs in L'Impératif (imperative)
- Conjugate regular -er verbs (+ avoir) in Le Passé Composé (conversational past)
- Conjugate regular -ir verbs (+ avoir) in Le Passé Composé (conversational past)
- Le Passé Composé is mostly used where English uses Simple Past
- Conjugate regular -dre verbs (+ avoir) in Le Passé Composé (conversational past)
- Conjugate faire (+ avoir) in Le Passé Composé (conversational past)
- Conjugate avoir (+ avoir) in Le Passé Composé (conversational past)
- Conjugate être (+ avoir) in Le Passé Composé (conversational past)
- Conjugate coming and going verbs (+ être) in Le Passé Composé (conversational past)
- Agreeing past participle with subject's gender and number with (+ être) verbs in Le Passé Composé
- Conjugate mourir, naître, décéder, devenir, rester (+ être) in Le Passé Composé (conversational past)
- Conjugate reflexive verbs (+être) in Le Passé Composé (conversational past)
- Conjugate prendre and derivatives (+avoir) in Le Passé Composé (conversational past)
- Conjugate voir, devoir, pouvoir, boire, croire, savoir, lire, taire (+ avoir) in Le Passé Composé (conversational past)
- Conjugate mettre and derivatives (+avoir) in Le Passé Composé (conversational past)
- Conjugate ouvrir, découvrir and derivatives (+ avoir) in Le Passé Composé (conversational past)
- Conjugate recevoir and other -cevoir verbs (+avoir) in Le Passé Composé
- Conjugate -aindre, -eindre, -oindre verbs (+ avoir) in Le Passé Composé (conversational past)
- Conjugate regular verbs in L'Imparfait (imperfect tense)
- Expressing continuing action in L'Imparfait (imperfect tense)
- Conjugate être in L'Imparfait (imperfect tense)
- Describing and expressing opinions in L'Imparfait (imperfect tense)
- Conjugate semi-regular -cer verbs in L'Imparfait (imperfect tense)
- Conjugate semi-regular -ger verbs in L'Imparfait (imperfect tense)
- Expressing habits or repeated actions in L'Imparfait (imperfect tense)
- Conjugate reflexive verbs in L'Imparfait (imperfect tense)
- Conjugate verbs in -aindre, -eindre, -oindre in Le Présent (present tense)
- Conjugate offrir et souffrir in Le Présent (present tense)
- Conjugate tenir and derivatives (+avoir) in Le Passé Composé (conversational past)
- Conjugate courir and derivatives (+avoir) in Le Passé Composé (conversational past)
- Conjugate dire (+avoir) in Le Passé Composé (conversational past)
- Conjugate suivre (+avoir) in Le Passé Composé (conversational past)
- Conjugate vivre (+avoir) in Le Passé Composé (conversational past)
- Conjugate courir in Le Présent (present tense)
- Conjugate offrir and souffrir (+ avoir) in Le Passé Composé (conversational past)
- Conjugate vouloir (+avoir) in Le Passé Composé (conversational past)
- Conjugate rire and sourire in Le Présent (present tense)
A2: Prepositions & Conjunctions
- Monter dans, descendre de = To get on, off transportation (prepositions)
- Using 'depuis' (since / for) with Le Présent and NOT Le Passé Composé (prepositions of time)
- After / before versus in front of / behind (prepositions of time and place)
- Expressing for + [duration] with either pendant, durant, depuis or pour (prepositions of time)
- En vs dans (prepositions of time)
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Aimer = to love, like something / someone
- Using 'sentir bon' and 'se sentir bien'
- Avoir raison / tort / de la chance = To be right / wrong / lucky
- Using "plaire" to express liking something / someone
- Aller à = to suit someone (expressions with aller)
- Visiter vs rendre visite à = To visit a place vs a person
- Se promener, promener, marcher, aller à pied = To walk
- Manquer (à) = To miss someone/something emotionally
- Connaître vs savoir = to know something vs to know how to do
- Manquer (de) + thing = To miss / lack something
- Faire exprès = To do something on purpose
- Faire mal à vs faire du mal à = to hurt someone
- Il y a + duration = Ago (expressions of time)
- Faire peur (à) = To scare someone
- Faire la queue = To queue [US: to be / stand in line]
- Expressing timeliness (late, early) - precise
- Se souvenir de, se rappeler (de) = To remember
- Rappeler (à quelqu'un) = to remind (someone)
- Faire partie de = To be part of
- Avoir envie de = To feel like, want to
- Être en train de : expressing ongoing actions in the past
- Faire confiance (à) = To trust
- Avoir l'habitude = To be in the habit of, to tend to
- Demi, moitié, etc = Half
- S'en aller = To leave
- Avoir honte de = to be ashamed of
- Devoir vs avoir besoin de to express "to need to"
A2: Adjectives & Adverbs
- Common mistakes with mon/ma/mes, ton/ta/tes and son/sa/ses (possessive adjectives)
- Using "mon" rather than "ma" with feminine nouns starting with a vowel or mute h (possessive adjectives)
- Bien, mal, mieux, moins, peu (irregular adverbs)
- Ce/cet/cette and ces = this/that and these/those (demonstrative adjectives)
- Forming adverbs from adjectives ending in a vowel
- Position of most adverbs
- Using mon, ma, mes, etc with parts of the body (possessive adjectives)
- Forming the feminine of adjectives ending in -f
- Making comparisons with adjectives: plus... que, aussi... que, moins... que
- Adjectives after personne, rien, tout le monde, quelqu'un are always masculine
- Making comparisons with adverbs: plus... que, aussi... que, moins... que
- Forming adverbs from adjectives ending in -ant and -ent
- D'autres vs des autres = Others (indefinite adjectives)
- Forming the feminine of adjectives ending in -c
- Position of adverbs with verbs in compound tenses
- Forming the feminine of faux and adjectives ending in -oux
- De plus en plus and de moins en moins = more and more and less and less (comparisons with adjectives, adverbs, verbs)
- Frais, long, favori, rigolo have irregular feminine forms (adjectives)
- Expressing possession with son, sa, ses and personne, tout le monde, chacun, il faut (possessive adjectives)
- Use notre/nos when on means we, but son/sa/ses when it means people (possessive adjectives)
- Quel, quelle, quels, quelles + noun = What a ...
- Le plus and le moins = the most and the least (superlative of adverbs)
A2: Negative Words & Constructions
- Ne ... pas du tout = Not at all (negation)
- Ne ... plus = No more, no longer (negation)
- Ne ... rien = Nothing (negation)
- Position of direct and indirect object pronouns with negation
- Ne ... personne = No one, nobody (negation)
- N'avoir plus de = To have none left (negation)
- Restrictive ne … que = only (simple tenses)
- Ne ... pas non plus = Not ... either (negation)
- Ne ... aucun(e) = None (negation)
- Ne ... pas assez (de) = Not enough (of)
- Ne ... ni ... ni = Neither ... nor (negation)
- Forming simple negative commands (L'Impératif)
- Using 'ne ... pas' with compound tenses (negation)
- Ne ... pas encore = Not yet
A2: Nouns & Articles